Education for movement professionals

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That visual was absolute magic for me!!
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Michele Bond, MS / Exercise Physiologist | University of Texas — Odessa

“These programs have greatly improved my understanding of human anatomy and movement”

‘Muscle & Motion Strength Training’ and ‘Muscle & Motion Anatomy’ are both incredible programs! Even after taking graduate courses in anatomy and dissecting human cadavers for a whole year, these programs have greatly improved my understanding of human anatomy and movement. The programs demonstrate the actions of muscles much better than a textbook can, and it’s very helpful to see the actual muscle contracting in the program. I can’t recommend these programs highly enough! They’re a must for anyone serious about understanding musculoskeletal anatomy and human movement! I am about to start a position as an Assistant Professor of Exercise Physiology, and I plan on recommending these programs to all of the students in my Anatomical Kinesiology courses!
Grant Tinsley / Assistant Professor of Exercise Physiology | Texas Tech University, USA

“Thank you for this incredible learning and teaching tool!”

We use the program every summer and fall in the USC Kinesiology course! I have been teaching kinesiology for almost a decade and ever since I have discovered MuscleandMotion, it has changed the way I present material, review material, and teach material. Our students find that the dynamic movement and sample exercises and motions presented give them a more accurate appreciation of the line of pull and how the muscle actually functions during an activity. Muscle&Motion helps this content COME TO LIFE. It makes a HUGE difference when you can see the muscle moving (and appreciate its movement during an activity) than just looking at a picture in a book or trying to memorize origins and insertions from a flash card. It’s a brilliant supplement to our course. Thank you for this incredible learning and teaching tool! THANKS AS ALWAYS for helping us out! The students and I truly love the program and it’s seriously one of the most effective tools we can offer to provide a visual to the words!
Samia H. Rafeedie / OTD, OTR/L, CBIS, Assistant Professor of Clinical Occupational Therapy | University of Southern California, USA

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I am an Occupational Therapist who does multiple presentations at the state/national level; education to physical therapists and occupational therapists at a large free standing rehab facility and to college classes. I am loving it as I look at all it has to offer, I am like a kid in a candy store when it comes to the videos thinking of educating – WOW IT IS TERRIFIC!!! I cannot wait to show , the possibilities with your system compared to the other systems out there. I cannot wait to show it to my professor pals who can teach their students to use it for learning during anatomy; kinesiology; motor control courses etc…
Debra Ouellette / MS, OTR/L, SCLV | California, USA

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Educators

Muscle and Motion’s products are absolutely incredible!

Хельмут штребль и его тренировки

“These programs have greatly improved my understanding of human anatomy and movement”

“Thank you for this incredible learning and teaching tool!”

“WOW, IT IS TERRIFIC!!!”

Credits

Взятие штанги на грудь с виса hang clean

New World Encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the Wikipedia article
in accordance with New World Encyclopedia standards. This article abides by terms of the Creative Commons CC-by-sa 3.0 License (CC-by-sa), which may be used and disseminated with proper attribution. Credit is due under the terms of this license that can reference both the New World Encyclopedia contributors and the selfless volunteer contributors of the Wikimedia Foundation. To cite this article click here for a list of acceptable citing formats.The history of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here:

Muscle history
Myofibril history
Sarcomere history
Muscle_fiber history
Efferent_nerve history
Afferent_nerve history

The history of this article since it was imported to New World Encyclopedia:

History of «Muscle»

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Nervous control

Afferent leg

The afferent leg of the peripheral nervous system is responsible for conveying sensory information (nerve impulses) toward the central nervous system, primarily from the sense organs, like the skin.

In the muscles, the muscle spindles convey information about the degree of muscle length and stretch to the central nervous system to assist in maintaining posture and joint position. The sense of where our bodies are in space is called proprioception, the perception of body awareness. More easily demonstrated than explained, proprioception is the «unconscious» awareness of where the various regions of the body are located at any one time. This can be demonstrated by closing the eyes and waving one’s hand around. Assuming proper proprioceptive function, at no time will the person lose awareness of where the hand actually is, even though it is not being detected by any of the other senses.

Several areas in the brain coordinate movement and position with the feedback information gained from proprioception. The cerebellum and red nucleus in particular continuously sample position against movement and make minor corrections to assure smooth motion.

Efferent leg

The efferent leg of the peripheral nervous system is responsible for conveying commands (nerve impulses) from the central nervous system to effectors, such as the muscles and glands. It is ultimately responsible for voluntary movement. Nerves move muscles in response to voluntary and autonomic (involuntary) signals from the brain. Deep muscles, superficial muscles, muscles of the face, and internal muscles all correspond with dedicated regions in the primary motor cortex of the brain, directly anterior to the central sulcus that divides the frontal and parietal lobes.

In addition, muscles react to reflexive nerve stimuli that do not always send signals all the way to the brain. In this case, the signal from the afferent fiber does not reach the brain, but produces the reflexive movement by direct connections with the efferent nerves in the spine. However, the majority of muscle activity is volitional, and the result of complex interactions between various areas of the brain.

Nerves that control skeletal muscles in mammals correspond with neuron groups along the primary motor cortex of the brain’s cerebral cortex. Commands are routed though the basal ganglia and are modified by input from the cerebellum before being relayed through the pyramidal tract to the spinal cord and from there to the motor end plate at the muscles. Along the way, feedback loops such as that of the extrapyramidal system contribute signals to influence muscle tone and response.

Deeper muscles, such as those involved in posture, often are controlled from nuclei in the brain stem and basal ganglia.

Students

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Your website is amazing!! Absolutely flawless and when I pass my boards and get a job I will definitely sign up again. Thank you for taking the time to create such an intelligent site and making it affordable for people with average incomes.
Ashley Courtney / A.C., Student

“I love to learn from Muscle and Motion”

I’m a med student, currently in my third year, and I’m also taking classes for being a personal trainer, sport coach and muscle instructor. Your videos help me in understanding the biomechanics of exercise and how to avoid injury. I myself have some injuries and your videos and info have helped me a lot in that as well! I love to learn from your website.
Franco Moreno / Medical Student | Argentina

“It teaches you not just how to do exercises correctly but why”

My review of the program is that it’s great for everyone, whether they are a fitness professional or someone learning to exercise! I’m a student in Exercise Science, as well as a trainer, and have used this program in class before and absolutely love it. It teaches you not just how to do exercises correctly but why; and shows you the anatomy involved in the exercise.
Alejandrino Trujillo / Exercise Science Student | Pennsylvania, USA

“I simply want to say thank you for developing such a fantastic 3D imaging program.”

I just recently subscribed to your program “Muscle&Motion Strength Training” in order to develop a deeper understanding of muscles and how they perform in motion. I am a student of massage therapy and fully understanding muscles is essential to my success as a medical massage therapist. Also, I plan to pursue a certification in personal training one day, so the strength training section of your program has helped me immensely. I simply want to say thank you for developing such a fantastic 3D imaging program of muscles. I am a very visual learner. It is hard to learn about muscles simply by reading about them… and I find visual aids much more helpful, particularly 3D motion videos. However, I have searched to internet far and wide, and I have yet to find any other resource that has helped me to fully understand and visualize muscles and their actions the way your program has helped me. Fantastic job! I can’t wait to keep getting updated videos every month! Keep up the good work.
Stephanie Bennet / LMT, Medical Massage Student | Florida, USA

Описание журнала

Прежде чем скачать журнал «Muscle & Fitness», рекомендуем прочесть краткое описание данного издания. «Muscle & Fitness» является одним из лучших журналов для тех, кто начинает, и тех, кто дальше продолжает строить и укреплять своё тело. Он также создан для тех, кто стремится укрепить свое здоровье, он одинаково необходим как для крепких духом женщин, так и для властных мужчин. Журнал «Muscle & Fitness» содержит очень много поучительных и полезных статей, различных комплексов упражнений, большое количество фотографий, от самых лучших культуристов всего мира и основателя данного журнала Джо Вайдера. На сегодняшний день журнал «Muscle & Fitness» является самым авторитетный в мире фитнеса. На российском рынке данный журнал издается 18 лет, и снискал репутацию самого надежного и безупречного тренера, кроме этого, для многих спортсменов он советчик в вопросах здоровья, тренинга и питания. Издание адресовано для посетителей фитнес клубов и всех тех, кто всерьез хочет изменить и улучшить свою фигуру.

А все начиналось в 1940 году, когда Джо Уайдер начал пропагандировать на страницах своих журналов и изданий принципиальное высказывание: сила, красота и здоровье нашего тела — это совершенно новый культурный и нужный критерий нашей цивилизации. Джо предсказывал, что физкультурная революция должна совершиться не в спортивных залах, а именно в человеческих умах. Общество совсем не захочет мириться со слабой физической неполноценностью всех своих членов. Совсем очевидной станет непосредственная связь между слабым характером, слабыми мышцами и слабым интеллектом. Джо подчеркивал, что сильное тело — это не эстетическая прихоть, а один единственный способ надежно выстоять перед всеми невзгодами в наше время глобальных и продолжительных стрессов: экологических, социальных, информационных и психических. Когда человек «качает» железо, он делает сильным не только мускулы, а также свой характер. Всем этим премудростям без труда можно научиться из большого количества журналов «Muscle & Fitness» , которые до сегодняшнего дня являются учителями для многих мальчишек, которые ходят в спортивные залы и пытаются укрепить свои мышцы и дух, как герои любимого журнала.

Вы приучаете свое тело и себя ставить цель и гарантированно достигать ее. Вы постоянно учитесь совершенствовать себя, и после это умение будет всю жизнь сопровождать вас, чем бы, не занимались вы – будь то бизнес, творчество или же научные исследования. В этом и есть основная цель многогранной философии Системы Джо Уайдера, а также философии бодибилдинга: сделать себя сильнее в метафизическом и духовном плане. Основная ценность философии «железа», которую исповедовал полвека Джо Уайдер, и сейчас продолжают исповедовать его предшественники, состоит в том, что она совершенно не зовет в призрачные и реальные миры для поиска иллюзорного могущества. Культуристы всегда остаются на твердой земной почве. Тем не менее, если следовать данной философии, можно приобрести практически имматериальную силу, ту силу, которая даст возможность распоряжаться своей собственной судьбой. Журнал «Muscle & Fitness» призывает к занятиям спортом и к укреплению своего здоровья. Вы можете скачать журнал Muscle & Fitness для ознакомления на нашем сайте.

References

Costill, D. L., and J. H. Wilmore. 2004. Physiology of Sport and Exercise. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. ISBN 0736044892
Dumé, B. 2007. “‘Muscle noise’ could reveal diseases’ progression.” NewScientistTech. Retrieved June 6, 2007.
Johnson, G. B. 2005. Biology, Visualizing Life. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. ISBN 003016723X
Larsson, L., L. Edstrom, B. Lindegren, L. Gorza, and S. Schiaffino. 1991. “MHC composition and enzyme-histochemical and physiological properties of a novel fast-twitch motor unit type.” The American Journal of Physiology 261(1): C93-101.
Oota, S., and N. Saitou. 1999. “Phylogenetic relationship of muscle tissues deduced from superimposition of gene trees.” Mol. Biol. Evol. 16(6): 856-867.
Robergs, R., F. Ghiasvand, and D. Parker. 2004. “Biochemistry of exercise-induced metabolic acidosis.” Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 287(3): R502-516. PMID 15308499
Smerdu, V., I. Karsch-Mizrachi, M. Campione, L. Leinwand, and S. Schiaffino. 1994. “Type IIx myosin heavy chain transcripts are expressed in type IIb fibers of human skeletal muscle.” American Journal of Physiology 267(6): C1723-1728.

Biological tissue

Animals : Epithelium — Connective — Muscular — Nervous

Plants : Dermal — Vascular — Ground — Meristematic

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Basic anatomy

Global view of a neuromuscular junction:1. Axon2. Neuromuscular junction3. Muscle fiber4. Myofibril

Muscle is mainly composed of muscle cells. A muscle fiber, also technically known as a myocyte, is a single cell of a muscle. Muscle fibers contain many myofibrils, the contractile units of muscles. Myofibrils are alternating bundles of thin filaments, comprising primarily actin, and thick filaments, comprising primarily the protein myosin. Myfibrils run from one end of the cell to the other. The protein complex comprising actin and myosin is sometimes referred to as «actomyosin.» A skeletal muscle may contain hundreds to several thousands of myofibrils. Muscle fibers can be very short, such as 1 millimeter, to very long, such as 30 centimeters (11.8 inches).

The sarcolemma is the cell membrane enclosing each muscle fiber (muscle cell). Individual muscle fibers (including the sarcolemma) are then surrounded by endomysium, a connective tissue. Endomysium is the fine sheath of tissue that surrounds each single muscle fiber. Muscle fibers, perhaps 10 to 100 or more, are bound together by perimysium, a connective tissue, into bundles called fascicles. The bundles are then grouped together to form muscle, which is enclosed in a sheath of epimysium. That is, epimysium wraps the whole muscle. Over the layer of epimysium is fascia, a sheet of connective tissue that helps maintain form.

Muscle spindles are distributed throughout the muscles and provide sensory feedback information to the central nervous system.

Physiology and contraction

The three types of muscle have significant differences. However, all three use the movement of actin against myosin to create contraction.

Muscular contraction uses adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for energy. The ATP allows, through hydrolysis, the myosin head to extend up and bind with the actin filament. The myosin head then releases after moving the actin filament in a relaxing or contracting movement by usage of ADP.

In contractile bundles, the actin-bundling protein actinin separates each filament by 40 nm. This increase in distance allows the motor protein myosin to interact with the filament, enabling deformation or contraction. In the first case, one end of myosin is bound to the cell membrane (sarcolemma) while the other end walks toward the plus end of the actin filament. This pulls the membrane into a different shape relative to the cell cortex (outer layer of cell). For contraction, the myosin molecule is usually bound to two separate filaments and both ends simultaneously walk toward their filament’s plus end, sliding the actin filaments over each other. This results in the shortening, or contraction, of the actin bundle (but not the filament). This mechanism is responsible for both muscle contraction and cytokinesis, the division of one cell into two.

In skeletal muscle, contraction is stimulated by electrical impulses transmitted by the nerves, the motor nerves and motoneurons in particular. Cardiac and smooth muscle contractions are stimulated by internal pacemaker cells that regularly contract, and propogate contractions to other muscle cells with which they are in contact. All skeletal muscle and many smooth muscle contractions are facilitated by the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

Muscular activity accounts for much of the body’s energy consumption. All muscle cells produce ATP molecules, which are used to power the movement of the myosin heads. Muscles contain ATP in the form of creatine phosphate, which is generated from ATP and can regenerate ATP when needed with creatine kinase. Muscles also keep a storage form of glucose in the form of glycogen. Glycogen can be rapidly converted to glucose when energy is required for sustained, powerful contractions. Within the voluntary skeletal muscles, the glucose molecule is metabolized in a process called glycolysis, which produces two ATP and two lactic acid molecules in the process.

Muscle cells also contain globules of fat, which are used for energy during aerobic exercise. The aerobic energy systems take longer to produce the ATP and reach peak efficiency, and requires many more biochemical steps, but produces significantly more ATP than anaerobic glycolysis.

Cardiac muscle on the other hand, can readily consume any of the three macronutrients (protein, glucose, and fat) without a «warm up» period and always extracts the maximum ATP yield from any molecule involved. The heart and liver will also consume lactic acid produced and excreted by skeletal muscles during exercise.

Education for movement professionals

See What Our Clients Are Saying About Us

Muscle and Motion’s products are absolutely incredible!

“These programs have greatly improved my understanding of human anatomy and movement”

“Thank you for this incredible learning and teaching tool!”

“WOW, IT IS TERRIFIC!!!”

Trending in Workouts

Educators

Muscle and Motion’s products are absolutely incredible!

“These programs have greatly improved my understanding of human anatomy and movement”

“Thank you for this incredible learning and teaching tool!”

“WOW, IT IS TERRIFIC!!!”

Credits

Nervous control

Afferent leg

Efferent leg

Students

“Your website is amazing!! Absolutely flawless”

“I love to learn from Muscle and Motion”

“It teaches you not just how to do exercises correctly but why”

“I simply want to say thank you for developing such a fantastic 3D imaging program.”

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Описание журнала

References

New at Muscle & Strength

Basic anatomy

Physiology and contraction